• UniCredit Group was subject to the 2010 EU-wide stress testing exercise coordinated by the Committee of European Banking Supervisors (CEBS), in cooperation with the European Central Bank, and Bank of Italy.rnrnrn• UniCredit Group acknowledges the outcomes of the EU-wide stress tests.rnrnrn• This stress test complements the risk management procedures and regular stress testing programmes set up in UniCredit Group under the Pillar 2 framework of the Basel II, CRD (1) requirements and Bank of italy prudential rules.rnrnrn• The exercise was conducted using the scenarios, methodology and key assumptions provided by CEBS (see the aggregate report published on the CEBS website (2)). As a result of the assumed shock under the adverse scenario, the estimated consolidated Tier 1 capital ratio would change to 8.1% in 2011 compared to 8.6% as of end of 2009. An additional sovereign risk scenario would have a further impact of 0.3 percentage point on the estimated Tier 1 capital ratio, bringing it to 7.8% at the end of 2011, compared with the CRD regulatory minimum of 4%.rnrnrn• The results of the stress suggest a buffer of 8.245 mln EUR of the Tier 1 capital against the threshold of 6% of Tier 1 capital adequacy ratio for UniCredit Group agreed exclusively for the purposes of this exercise. This threshold should by no means be interpreted as a regulatory minimum (the regulatory minimum for the Tier 1 capital ratio is set to 4%), nor as a capital target reflecting the risk profile of the institution determined as a result of the supervisory review process in Pillar 2 of the CRD.rnrn rnrn• Bank of Italy has held rigorous discussions of the results of the stress test with UniCredit Group.rnrnrnrn• Given that the stress test was carried out under a number of key common simplifying assumptions (e.g. constant balance sheet) the information on benchmark scenarios is provided only for comparison purposes and should in no way be construed as a forecast.rnrnrn• In the interpretation of the outcome of the exercise, it is imperative to differentiate between the results obtained under the different scenarios developed for the purposes of the EU-wide exercise. The results of the adverse scenario should not be considered as representative of the current situation or possible present capital needs. A stress testing exercise does not provide forecasts of expected outcomes since the adverse scenarios are designed as “what-if” scenarios including plausible but extreme assumptions, which are therefore not very likely to materialise. Different stresses may produce different outcomes depending on the circumstances of each institution.rnrn rnrn• The CEO of UniCredit Group Alessandro Profumo commented “we appreciate the decision to make public the results of the stress test, an important step towards clearing any doubt on the solidity of the European banking sytem. We are very happy with the results of UniCredit Group in the stress test, with the stressed tier I at 7.8%, and on top of that, a stressed core tier I of 7.4%, confirming the high quality of the Group regulatory capital”.rnrnrn• BackgroundrnrnrnThe objective of the 2010 EU-wide stress test exercise conducted under the mandate from the EU Council of Ministers of Finance (ECOFIN) and coordinated by CEBS in cooperation with the ECB, national supervisory authorities and the EU Commission, is to assess the overall resilience of the EU banking sector and the banks’ ability to absorb further possible shocks on credit and market risks, including sovereign risks.rnrnrnThe exercise has been conducted on a bank-by-bank basis for a sample of 91 EU banks from 20 EU Member States, covering at least 50% of the banking sector, in terms of total consolidated assets, in each of the 27 EU Member States, using commonly agreed macro-economic scenarios (benchmark and adverse) for 2010 and 2011, developed in close cooperation with the ECB and the European Commission.rnrnrnMore information on the scenarios, methodology, aggregate and detailed individual results is available from CEBS (3). Information can also be obtained from the website of Bank of Italy(4).rnrn rnrnNotes:rnrn1) Directive EC/2006/48 – Capital Requirements Directive (CRD)rn2) See: http://stress-test.c-ebs.org/results.htmrnrn3) See: http://www.c-ebs.org/EU-wide-stress-testing.aspxrn4) In Italian: http://www.bancaditalia.it/vigilanza/stress_testrn In English: http://www.bancaditalia.it/vigilanza/stress_test;internal&action=_setlanguage.action?LANGUAGE=en
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The neutral nominal rate in Romania has been falling since the start of inflation targeting in 2005. The Taylor Rule clearly shows that interest rates peaked in 2022 and have been on a clear downward path ever since.Furthermore, the model estimates a long-term neutral nominal rate of around 3.9%, which is the equivalent of approx. 1.4% real.Using a more sophisticated model (i.e. New York FED’S HLW model), the real neutral interest rate in Romania is estimated currently at around 1.5% (1.7% 2023 average) and the historical mean at 1.2%.This implies a neutral nominal rate between 4.00% and 4.50%. In the past decade, the NBR real effective rate was below the neutral rate and only over the past year climbed above the neutral mark.Source: Erste Bank
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