The Executive Board of the IMF completed the fourth review of Romania’s economic performance under the 24-month stand-by arrangement. At the beginning of this week the central bank will receive EUR 0.9bn. This will consolidate its FX reserves which are already at a very comfortable level (EUR 31.6bn, the equivalent of ten months of imports of goods and services). rnrnThe IMF acknowledges the ambitious fiscal consolidation program currently followed by the Romanian government. Balancing the fiscal adjustment between expenditure cuts and tax increases will help cushion the social impact, while at the same time reversing excessive past increases in public wages.rnrnThe press release issued by the Fund includes an interesting statement regarding the monetary policy stance. The IMF considers that there is some room for further monetary easing going forward, despite the uncertainties related to the inflationary impact of the VAT increase and regional developments. In our opinion this means the central bank could cut the minimum reserve requirements in the next quarters to support lending to the private sector.rnrnImplications: the disbursement of the next tranche from the IMF is positive news for the FX and fixed income market. We maintain our forecast regarding an EURRON FX rate of 4.22 in December.rnrn
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The neutral nominal rate in Romania has been falling since the start of inflation targeting in 2005. The Taylor Rule clearly shows that interest rates peaked in 2022 and have been on a clear downward path ever since.Furthermore, the model estimates a long-term neutral nominal rate of around 3.9%, which is the equivalent of approx. 1.4% real.Using a more sophisticated model (i.e. New York FED’S HLW model), the real neutral interest rate in Romania is estimated currently at around 1.5% (1.7% 2023 average) and the historical mean at 1.2%.This implies a neutral nominal rate between 4.00% and 4.50%. In the past decade, the NBR real effective rate was below the neutral rate and only over the past year climbed above the neutral mark.Source: Erste Bank
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